A male patient with lower urinary tract symptoms shows positive leukocytes and nitrates in urinalysis. What medication should he be given and for how long?

The recommendation for using Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) for 7-10 days is correct because this antibiotic is effective against the most common pathogens that cause urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly in cases where urinalysis shows positive leukocytes and nitrates. These findings suggest a bacterial infection in the urinary tract.

Bactrim is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that combines a sulfonamide with trimethoprim, which enhances its antibacterial activity. This combination not only targets gram-negative bacteria but also has adequate penetration and efficacy for treating uncomplicated cystitis and, in some cases, pyelonephritis in males. The 7-10 day treatment duration is a standard approach for uncomplicated UTIs, allowing enough time for the medication to clear the infection effectively while minimizing resistance development.

This treatment approach is particularly relevant in male patients, who may have underlying factors making UTIs less common but potentially more complicated. Therefore, the choice of Bactrim for the prescribed duration is aligned with current clinical guidelines for treating urinary infections in this population.