What is the most common indicator of end-organ damage in adolescents with hypertension?

The most common indicator of end-organ damage in adolescents with hypertension is left ventricular hypertrophy. This condition occurs when the heart's left ventricle, which is responsible for pumping blood to the body, becomes enlarged due to increased pressure caused by hypertension. In adolescents, as their bodies are still developing, chronic hypertension can lead to significant cardiovascular changes, and left ventricular hypertrophy is one of the earliest signs of cardiac strain and damage.

Monitoring for left ventricular hypertrophy is crucial because it not only indicates that hypertension has been present but also serves as a predictor for future cardiovascular events. If left unaddressed, left ventricular hypertrophy can progress to heart failure and other serious complications as the individual ages.

While other factors such as kidney dysfunction, heart murmurs, and retinal changes are certainly important aspects of assessing hypertension and its consequences, left ventricular hypertrophy stands out as a primary and direct reflection of the heart's adaptation to sustained high blood pressure. Therefore, recognizing and addressing left ventricular hypertrophy can be pivotal in the management of adolescents with hypertension to prevent further end-organ damage.